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1. In the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) classification of heart failure, Stage B indicates patients with structural heart disease but no symptoms.
2. According to the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) classification of heart failure, intervention at Stage A and Stage B is considered the best time for a good prognosis.
3. In the New York Heart Association functional classification (NYHA classes), class III means marked limitation of any activity.
4. Transthoracic echocardiography is one of the most important investigations for the diagnosis of heart failure.
5. Increasing fat intake in diet is NOT considered a lifestyle modification for heart failure.
6. Calcium channel blockers are NOT considered Class I drugs according to the ESC (European Society of Cardiology) 2021 guidelines for the treatment of HFrEF (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction).
7. Digitalis (like digoxin) is NOT considered a Class I drug according to the ESC (European Society of Cardiology) 2021 guidelines for treatment of HFrEF (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction).
8. Hydralazine-Isosorbide Di Nitrate (H-ISDN) is NOT considered a Class I drug according to the ESC (European Society of Cardiology) 2021 guidelines for treatment of HFrEF (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction).
9. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) assessment in the diagnosis of heart failure is highly sensitive and used to rule out heart failure.
10. Liver cirrhosis is NOT a compensatory mechanism of heart failure.
Content processed on Dec 20, 2025 8:00 PM
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Okay, look man, let me break down heart failure for you. This is really important stuff, so pay attention. **Heart Failure: Definition and Stages** **Heart failure (HF)** isn't a disease itself, but a clinical syndrome. That means it's a collection of signs and symptoms that result from the **hear...
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