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Quiz Questions (25 questions)
1. Severe congenital ptosis can lead to amblyopia.
2. The most common type of congenital ptosis is myogenic.
3. Inflammation of the eyelid margin is called blepharitis.
4. Paralytic ptosis is indicated in the case of a 5-year-old girl with a history of head trauma, drooping eyelid, double vision upon elevation, and a dilated, non-reactive pupil.
5. Ptosis in Horner's syndrome is due to oculosympathetic palsy.
6. Paralytic entropion is not a type of entropion.
7. In the case of a 65-year-old patient with recurrence of chalazion after removal at the same site two times, the best management is excision and histopathological evaluation.
8. Stye is suppurative inflammation of Zeis glands.
9. A 35-year-old woman complaining of intermittent bilateral drooping of eyelids that get worse by the end of the day, with RIGHT eye margin-reflex distance = 3mm, levator function = 8mm, LEFT eye margin-reflex distance = 2mm, levator function = 7mm, the best management is neurological referral.
10. The most important examination in case of congenital ptosis is the amount of levator function.
11. The clinical manifestations in Horner syndrome are ptosis, myosis, anhydrosis.
12. Paralysis of the facial nerve causes paralytic ectropion.
13. Trachoma may cause cicatricial entropion.
14. Blepharitis primarily affects the eyelids.
15. A 25-year-old woman presenting with a painless swelling in her right lower eyelid that has been present for several weeks, with a firm, non-tender, mobile nodule within the tarsal plate, most likely has a chalazion.
16. A 6-month-old female baby with severe left eyelid ptosis covering the pupil, stimulus deprivation amblyopia is a major concern.
17. Ptosis which increases by evening can be an indication of a life-threatening condition.
18. Ectropion of the upper eyelid may be none of the above.
19. A-5-year-old-girl with a-2-week-history of drooping of her eyelid and a history of head trauma, who sees everything as double when the doctor elevates her drooped eyelid, has paralytic ptosis.
20. Chalazions are often painless.
21. A 20 years old girl comes to ophthalmology clinic due to painless swelling in her lower eye lid, the diagnosis is Chalazion.
22. Regarding Horner's syndrome, the miotic pupil constricts to light.
23. The position of the eye ball in a patient with total III nerve palsy is down and out.
24. A 4 year old child with severe bilateral congenital myogenic ptosis with poor elevator function, all are correct.
25. A-22-year-old woman comes to the physician because of 1-day-history of pain and swelling in her right eye, the most appropriate next step in management is application of warm compresses.
Previous Exam Questions (34 questions)
1. Cicatricial ectropion can result from trauma, burns, and eyelid skin incision, but not from chalazion treatment.
2. The clinical manifestations in Horner syndrome include ptosis, myosis, and anhydrosis.
3. The major concern in a case of congenital ptosis is amblyopia.
4. The most appropriate line of management for an external hordeolum (stye) includes topical antibiotics, warm compresses, and epilation of related eyelashes.
5. Chalazion commonly presents as a nodule of an eyelid, arising from obstruction of the sebaceous (oil) glands of the eyelid tarsal plate.
6. Incision and drainage, intra-lesional injection of steroid, and medical treatment with topical steroid are all suitable treatments for a chalazion.
7. If a droopy eyelid is present at birth or within the first year of life, the condition is called congenital ptosis.
8. Paralytic ptosis, as seen in the 5-year-old girl with a history of head trauma, can be caused by 3rd nerve palsy.
9. Based on the photograph and the description of the 5-year-old girl's eye position, the left eye is esotropic.
10. Herbert's pits are found in the chronic stage of trachoma.
11. A recurrent bilateral conjunctivitis occurring with the onset of hot weather in young boys with symptoms of burning, itching, and lacrimation with large flat topped cobble stone papillae raised areas in the palpebral conjunctiva is vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
12. A nasal triangular, fibrovascular wedge of conjunctival tissue extending to the limbus is a pterygium.
13. Cicatricial ectropion can result from trauma, burns, and eyelid skin incision, but not from chalazion treatment.
14. The clinical manifestations in Horner syndrome are ptosis, myosis, and anhydrosis.
15. The major concern in a case of congenital ptosis is amblyopia.
16. An external hordeolum (stye) is an acute staphylococcal abscess of a lash follicle and its associated gland of Zeis.
17. The signs of an external hordeolum include a tender swelling in the lid margin pointing anteriorly through the skin, usually with a lash at the apex, and multiple lesions may be present and occasionally abscesses may involve the entire lid margin.
18. Treatment for an external hordeolum involves topical antibiotics, hot compresses, and epilation of the associated lash.
19. A stye is an acute purulent inflammation of the eyelid, and the first step in management is the application of warm compresses and antibiotics.
20. A chalazion commonly presents as a nodule of an eyelid and arises from obstruction of the sebaceous (oil glands) of the eyelid tarsal plate.
21. Histology of a chalazion shows a lipogranulomatous inflammatory reaction containing epithelioid histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells, and plasma cells.
22. A chalazion presents at any age with a gradually enlarging painless nodule.
23. Signs of a chalazion include a nodule within the tarsal plate that may be tender if inflamed, and eversion of the lid may show an associated polypoidal granuloma if the lesion has ruptured through the tarsal conjunctiva.
24. A marginal chalazion involves a gland of Zeis and is located on the anterior lid margin, not in the tarsal plate.
25. Patients with meibomian gland disease or rosacea are at increased risk of chalazion formation which may be multiple and/or recurrent.
26. It is very important not to mistake a sebaceous gland carcinoma for a recurrent chalazion; in doubtful cases, the lesion should be biopsied and examined histologically.
27. Suitable treatment for a chalazion can include incision and drainage, intralesional injection of steroid, or medical treatment with topical steroid.
28. If a droopy eyelid is present at birth or within the first year of life, the condition is called congenital ptosis.
29. Ptosis is an abnormally low position of the upper lid which may be congenital or acquired.
30. Paralytic ptosis is associated with 3rd nerve palsy.
31. Paralytic ptosis associated with 3rd nerve palsy presents with complete ptosis, with the eye positioned downward and outward with the inability to adduct, infraduct, or supraduct, as well as dilated fixed pupil.
32. Herbert pits are found in the chronic stage of trachoma.
33. A recurrent bilateral conjunctivitis occurring with the onset of hot weather in young boys with symptom of burning, itching and lacrimation with large flat topped cobble stone papillae raised areas in the palpebral conjunctiva is vernal keratoconjunctivitis.
34. A nasal triangular, fibrovascular wedge of conjunctival tissue extend to the limbus is Pterygium.
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Okay, let's dive into the comprehensive study guide on eyelid disorders, focusing on **blepharitis**, **chalazion**, **stye (hordeolum)**, **ptosis**, **ectropion**, and **entropion**. This guide integrates critical information, quiz questions, and exam questions to provide a complete understanding...
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